Analytical
Exposition Text
A. Definition
Analytical exposition text is a text that elaborates
the writer’s idea about the phenomenon surrounding.
B. Social Function
To persuade the reader or listener that something is
the case or the idea is important matter.
C. Generic Structure
·
A Thesis
Position : Introduces topic and indicates writer’s
position.
Preview : Outlines the main arguments to be presented.
·
Arguments
Point : Restates main arguments outlines in Preview.
Elaboration : Develops and supports each
point/argument.
·
Reiteration
Restates writer’s position.
D. Significant Lexicogrammatical Features
·
Focus on generic human and non human participants.
·
Use mental processes. It is used to state what the
writer or speaker thinks or feels about something, for example: realize, feel,
etc.
·
Need material processes. It is used to state what
happens, for example: has polluted, etc.
·
Use of simple present tense.
·
Use of relational processes.
·
Use of internal conjunction to state argument.
·
Reasoning through casual conjunction or
nominalization.
E. Sentence connectors to link arguments
·
One important effect
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In addition
·
Furthermore
·
Moreover
·
Besides
·
Also
·
Next
·
Last
·
Firstly
·
Secondly
·
Thirdly
·
Finally
F. Phrase for making conclusion
·
One thing is clear,...
·
From the facts above, I personally believe...
·
From the reason listed above, I conclude that...
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Therefore...
·
My conclusion is that...
·
It can be concluded that...
·
In summary
·
Thus,...
·
In brief,...
·
In short,...
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We can see that...
·
It is clear that...
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There can be no doubt that...
·
The evidence suggests that...
G. Conjunctions
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To express time
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:
after, before, since, antil, when, while, as
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To express cause
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:
because, since, as
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To express condition
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:
if, unless
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To express contrast
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:
athough, even though, though
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To express purpose
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:
in order to, so that
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To express identification
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:
that, when, where, which, who
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H. Examples
The
Factors Causing Global Warming
Thesis
Global
warming is a complex phenomenon, and its full-scale impacts are hard to predict
far in advance. But each year people learn more about what causes global
warming. From the case mentioned above, the writer is going to explain three
factors causing global warming.
Argument 1
First, people argue that vehicles and industries pollution
make global warming happen. We know that emission gas of industries and
vehicles cause increasing of carbon dioxide and air vapor in atmosphere which
makes world temperature hotter, called greenhouse effect.
Argument 2
Second, illegal logging is one of causes global warming. For
example, in our country, Indonesia, illegal logging is most popular activity.
Many people, government or commoners like do it. Ironic, they know, if they cut
trees more and more, temperature of world will increase. Consequently, Earth to
be hotter. But no one care with this problem.
Argument 3
Third, using electricity much more, it can cause
temperature of earth warm up. In common, people produce energy by using fossil
power that makes carbon dioxide in atmosphere increase.
Reiteration
From
the facts above, I can conclude that global warming can be caused by vehicles and
industries pollution, illegal logging and the use of over-electricity. So, we
should have to save our earth right.
Example
2:
CARS
SHOULD BE BANNED IN THE CITY
Cars should be banned in the city. As
we all know, cars create pollution, and cause a lot of road deaths and other
accidents.
Firstly, cars, as we all know, give
contribution to the most of the pollution in the world. Cars emit deadly gas
that causes illness such as bronchitis, lung cancer, and ‘triggers’ off asthma.
Some of these illnesses are so bad that people can die from them.
Secondly, the city is very busy. Pedestrians wander
everywhere and cars commonly hit pedestrians in the city, which causes them to
die. Cars today are our roads biggest killers.
Thirdly,
cars are very noisy. If you live in the city, you may find it hard to sleep at
night, or to concentrate on your homework, and especially when you talk to
someone.
In
conclusion, cars should be banned from the city for the
reason listed.
The Importance of Rainforests
Rainforests
are one of the most complicated environments on Earth. They are
recognized worldwide as containing the richest source of plants and animals and
are believed to contain nearly three-quarters of all the varieties of life on
Earth. This is remarkable because rainforests cover only about six per cent of
the Earth's land surface.
Rainforest
are the oldest major ecosystem, having survived climate changes for more than
one million years. They provide habitats for more species of plants, animals,
insects and birds than any other environment found on our planet. Scientists
estimate that between 60 and 90 per cent of all species of life are to be found
in rainforests. Unfortunately, the widespread destruction of many of the
world's rainforests has caused a significant decline in the number of plant and
animal species on Earth.
Rainforests
influence both our local and global climates. For example, between 50 and 80
per cent of the moisture in the air above rainforests comes from the
rainforest's trees. If large areas of these lush rainforests are cleared, the
average rainfall in the area will drop. Eventually, the area's climate will get
hotter and drier. This process could convert rainforests into a sparse
grassland or desert.
Rainforests
are also able to absorb over 90 per cent of the rainfall in their leaves and
mosses. By doing this, they are able to slow down water run-off by
gradually releasing the water over time into streams and rivers. This helps to
control soil erosion and flooding.
Rainforests
are vital to the Earth in helping to recycle carbon and oxygen. Carbon dioxide
(CO2) is the gas put into the air globally by humans, mainly by the burning of
fossil fuels (for example in cars and factories). Rainforests are able to
remove carbon dioxide from the air and return oxygen in its place. This is why
our global rainforests are often called the Earth's ‘lungs'.
Rainforests
are major producers of the Earth's oxygen. In fact, scientists believe that
nearly 50 per cent of the Earth's oxygen is produced by rainforest in the
Amazon region alone. Nearly 40 per cent of the world's carbon is contained in
the trees of the rainforests. As rainforests are cut down and burned, carbon
dioxide is released into the Earth's atmosphere. Eventually, as this gas builds
up the atmosphere, leading to what scientists call the enhanced greenhouse
effect.
To sum up,
the role of the rainforest is essential for human life. It creates equilibrium
in our environment and its resources are significant for human beings survival.
Taken from SOSE: Studies of Society and
Environment, 2000
citied from Developing
English Competencies for Grade XI of Language Programme
Is Smoking Good for Us?
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Thesis
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Before
smoking, it is better to look at the fact. About 50 thousand people die every
year in Britain as direct result of smoking. Nearly a quarter of smokers die
because of diseases caused by smoking.
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Arguments
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Ninety
percent of lung cancers are caused by smoking. If ones smoke five cigarettes
a day, they are six times more likely to die of lung cancer than a non
smoker. If they smoke twenty cigarettes a day, the risk is nineteen greater.
Besides,
ninety five percent of people who suffer of bronchitis are people who are
smoking. Smokers are two and half times more likely to die of heart disease
than non smokers.
In
addition, children of smoker are more likely to develop bronchitis and
pneumonia. In one hour in smoky room, non smoker breathes as much as
substance causing cancer as if he had smoked fifteen cigarettes.
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Reiteration
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Smoking
is really good for tobacco companies because they do make much money from
smoking habit. Smoking however is not good for everybody else.
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